Nestled along the Han River, Seoul stands as a vibrant metropolis that perfectly blends centuries of history with cutting-edge modernity. This city, the capital of South Korea, is not just the political and economic center of the country, but also a cultural powerhouse and a hub for innovation. From its deep-rooted past to its bustling present, Seoul offers an immersive experience that captivates visitors and residents alike.
A GLIMPSE INTO SEOUL’S HISTORY
Seoul’s history stretches back over two thousand years. Originally known as Wiryeseong, the city was the capital of the Baekje Kingdom around 18 BC. Over the centuries, Seoul evolved through different dynasties, most notably during the Joseon Dynasty, which established the city as the official capital in 1394. Many of the city’s historic palaces, such as Gyeongbokgung and Changdeokgung, date back to this era, standing as majestic reminders of Korea’s royal past.
Despite enduring invasions, wars, and rapid modernization, Seoul has managed to preserve its historical charm while transforming into a futuristic urban center. The city’s past is interwoven with resilience and reinvention, which continues to shape its identity today.
POPULATION AND LANGUAGE
Seoul is home to approximately 9.7 million people, making it one of the largest cities in the world. When you include the greater metropolitan area, the population exceeds 25 million, highlighting its status as a densely populated urban giant. The city’s population is a blend of native Koreans and a growing number of international residents who add to its multicultural flavor.
The official language spoken in Seoul is Korean. The Korean language, known as Hangul, is unique and easy to learn due to its simple and scientific alphabet, created in the 15th century. While Korean is predominant, English is widely understood, especially in business, tourism, and educational settings.
CURRENCY AND ELECTRICAL STANDARDS
When visiting Seoul, you’ll be using the South Korean won (KRW) as the local currency. Banknotes and coins circulate widely, and electronic payments are common, with many locals using mobile payment apps seamlessly integrated into daily life.
Regarding electricity, Seoul operates on a 220-volt, 60 Hz system, typical of many countries in Asia and Europe. If you’re coming from a country that uses a different voltage or plug type, it’s advisable to bring a compatible adapter and voltage converter to power your devices safely.
CLIMATE: SEASONS AND WEATHER
Seoul experiences a temperate climate with four distinct seasons, each bringing its own charm. Winters (December to February) can be quite cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing and occasional snowfall, turning the city into a picturesque winter scene. Spring (March to May) is one of the best times to visit, as cherry blossoms and other flowers bloom across parks and streets.
Summers (June to August) are hot and humid, sometimes marked by heavy monsoon rains, while autumn (September to November) offers mild temperatures and vibrant foliage, painting the city in shades of red and gold. This seasonal variety allows for a range of outdoor activities and sightseeing experiences throughout the year.
CULINARY DELIGHTS. TYPICAL FOOD OF SEOUL
No visit to Seoul is complete without indulging in its rich culinary scene. Korean cuisine is famous for its bold flavors, emphasis on fresh ingredients, and diverse dishes that range from spicy to savory.
The iconic dish kimchi, a fermented vegetable dish usually made from cabbage or radishes, is a staple at every meal. Beyond kimchi, popular dishes include bibimbap—a mixed rice bowl topped with vegetables, meat, and a spicy chili paste—and bulgogi, marinated grilled beef that melts in your mouth.
Street food is another highlight in Seoul, with vendors selling tteokbokki (spicy rice cakes), hotteok (sweet filled pancakes), and odeng (fish cake skewers). Seoul’s food culture reflects the city’s energetic spirit, blending tradition with modern tastes.
GETTING AROUND: TRANSPORTATION IN SEOUL
Seoul boasts one of the most efficient and comprehensive public transportation systems in the world. The subway network spans nearly every corner of the city, making it easy to navigate and affordable for locals and tourists alike. Subway stations are clean, well-marked in both Korean and English, and often feature amenities such as shops and cafes.
In addition to subways, buses cover routes that reach areas less accessible by train. For convenience, many people use transportation cards that can be used interchangeably on subways and buses.
Taxis are also plentiful, though not as cheap as public transit, and are widely available 24/7. For those who prefer cycling, Seoul has been expanding its bike lanes and rental programs, promoting greener ways to explore the city.
SAFETY IN SEOUL
Seoul is known for being an exceptionally safe city, especially compared to other global megacities. Crime rates are relatively low, and violent crime is rare. The city is well-policed, and public spaces are well-lit and monitored.
However, like any major city, it’s wise to stay vigilant, especially at night or in crowded tourist areas. Petty crimes such as pickpocketing can occur but are uncommon. Emergency services are efficient, and English-speaking help is accessible at hospitals and police stations.
TOP TOURIST ATTRACTIONS
Seoul offers a wide range of attractions that cater to all interests, from history buffs to shoppers and nature lovers.
- Gyeongbokgung Palace: This grand royal palace is a must-see, with its stunning architecture and beautiful gardens. Visitors can witness the changing of the guard ceremony and explore the National Palace Museum on site.
- Bukchon Hanok Village: A charming neighborhood where traditional Korean houses (hanoks) are preserved. Walking through its narrow alleys offers a glimpse into Seoul’s past.
- N Seoul Tower: Perched on Namsan Mountain, this iconic tower provides panoramic views of the sprawling cityscape. It’s especially magical at night when the city lights twinkle below.
- Myeongdong Shopping Street: A bustling commercial area famous for fashion, cosmetics, and street food. It’s perfect for those looking to experience Seoul’s dynamic urban culture.
- Dongdaemun Design Plaza (DDP): An architectural marvel blending futuristic design with cultural exhibitions and nighttime markets.
- Insadong: Known for its traditional tea houses, antique shops, and art galleries, Insadong is ideal for those seeking a more cultural and relaxed atmosphere.
- Han River Parks: Offering spaces for picnics, biking, and water sports, the parks along the Han River provide a natural escape right in the middle of the city.
OTHER IMPORTANT ASPECTS
Seoul is a city of contrasts, where centuries-old palaces sit alongside skyscrapers, and tranquil temples coexist with vibrant nightlife districts. The city is a tech haven, boasting widespread internet access and an enthusiastic embrace of smart technology in everyday life.
Education is highly valued, with Seoul hosting some of South Korea’s top universities, contributing to a well-educated population. The city also prides itself on green initiatives, promoting sustainability through extensive recycling programs and eco-friendly urban planning.
Culturally, Seoul is a powerhouse of K-pop, cinema, and fashion, influencing trends worldwide. Festivals throughout the year, from lantern festivals to music events, bring the city’s vibrant spirit to life.
Seoul is not just a city to visit—it’s a place to experience, offering layers of history, culture, and modern life woven into one extraordinary urban tapestry. Whether you’re wandering ancient palaces, tasting spicy street food, or gazing at the futuristic skyline, Seoul invites you to become part of its ongoing story.
